20";display:block;height:0;clear:both;visibility:hidden}.clearfix:before,.clearfix:after,.widget:before,.widget:after{content:' 20';display:block;overflow:hidden;visibility:hidden;width:0;height:0}.clearfix:after{clear:both}.clearfix{zoom:1}html,body,div,span,h1,h3,p,a,img,small,strong,b,i,ol,ul,li,label,article,aside,header,nav,section{margin:0;padding:0;border:0;font-size:100%;font:inherit;vertical-align:baseline}article,aside,header,nav,section{display:block}body{line-height:1em}ol,ul{list-style:none}*{box-sizing:border-box}html.responsive,.responsive body{overflow-x:hidden}body{font:13px/1.65em "HelveticaNeue","Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;color:#444;text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}.georgia-websave{font-family:"Georgia","Times New Roman",Times,serif}h1,h3{font-weight:600}#top h3 a{font-weight:inherit;text-decoration:none;color:inherit}h1{font-size:34px;line-height:1.1em;margin-bottom:14px}h3{font-size:20px;line-height:1.1em;margin-bottom:8px}p{margin:.85em 0}p img{margin:0}strong,b{font-weight:700}small{font-size:80%}a{text-decoration:none;outline:0;max-width:100%;max-width:none}a:visited{outline:0;text-decoration:underline}p a,p a:visited{line-height:inherit}#top .avia_hidden_link_text{display:none}ul,ol{margin-bottom:20px}ul{list-style:none outside;margin-left:7px}ol{list-style:decimal;margin-left:15px}ul ul,ol ol{margin:4px 0 5px 30px}ul ul li,ol ol li{margin-bottom:6px}.entry-content-wrapper li{margin-left:1em;padding:3px 0}.entry-content-wrapper div li{text-indent:0}img,a img{border:none;padding:0;margin:0;display:inline-block;max-width:100%;height:auto}[data-av_icon]:before{-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;font-weight:400;content:attr(data-av_icon);speak:never}#top label{font-weight:700;font-size:.92em}#top label span{font-weight:400;font-size:13px;color:#444}.hidden{position:absolute;top:0;visibility:hidden}body .alignleft{float:left;margin:4px 10px 0 0;display:block;position:relative}#header{position:relative;z-index:501;width:100%;background:0 0}#header_main .container,.main_menu ul:first-child>li a{height:88px;line-height:88px}.html_header_top.html_header_sticky #main{padding-top:88px}.html_header_top.html_header_sticky #header{position:fixed}#header_main{border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-style:solid;z-index:1}.header_bg{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;opacity:.95;z-index:0;-webkit-perspective:1000px;-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden}.av_seperator_small_border .av-main-nav>li>a>.avia-menu-text{border-left-style:solid;border-left-width:1px;padding-left:13px;margin-left:-13px}.av_seperator_small_border .av-main-nav>li:first-child>a>.avia-menu-text{border-left:none}.av-hamburger{padding:0;display:inline-block;font:inherit;color:inherit;text-transform:none;background-color:transparent;border:0;margin:0;overflow:visible}.av-hamburger-box{width:35px;height:24px;display:inline-block;position:relative}.av-hamburger-inner{display:block;top:50%;margin-top:-2px}.av-hamburger-inner,.av-hamburger-inner:before,.av-hamburger-inner:after{width:40px;height:3px;background-color:#000;border-radius:3px;position:absolute}.av-hamburger-inner:before,.av-hamburger-inner:after{content:"";display:block}.av-hamburger-inner:before{top:-10px}.av-hamburger-inner:after{bottom:-10px}.av-burger-menu-main{display:none}.av-burger-menu-main a{padding-left:10px}.av-hamburger strong{display:none}.av-hamburger-box{height:8px}.av-hamburger-inner,.av-hamburger-inner:before,.av-hamburger-inner:after{width:100%}div .logo{float:left;position:absolute;left:0;z-index:1}.logo,.logo a{overflow:hidden;position:relative;display:block;height:100%}.logo img{padding:0;display:block;width:auto;height:auto;max-height:100%;image-rendering:auto;position:relative;z-index:2;height:100%;height:auto}.main_menu{clear:none;position:absolute;z-index:100;line-height:30px;height:100%;margin:0;right:0}.av-main-nav-wrap{float:left;position:relative;z-index:3}.av-main-nav-wrap ul{margin:0;padding:0}.av-main-nav{z-index:110;position:relative}.av-main-nav ul{display:none;margin-left:0;left:0;position:absolute;top:100%;width:208px;z-index:2;padding:0;box-shadow:0 8px 15px rgba(0,0,0,.1);margin-top:-1px}.av-main-nav ul li{margin:0;padding:0;width:100%}.av-main-nav ul li a{border-right-style:solid;border-right-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-width:1px}.av-main-nav ul li:last-child>a{border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-width:1px}.av-main-nav li{float:left;position:relative;z-index:20}.av-main-nav>li>ul{border-top-width:2px;border-top-style:solid}.av-main-nav>li{line-height:30px}.av-main-nav li a{max-width:none}.av-main-nav>li>a{display:block;text-decoration:none;padding:0 13px;font-weight:400;font-weight:600;font-size:13px}#top .av-main-nav ul a{width:100%;height:auto;float:left;text-align:left;line-height:23px;padding:8px 15px;font-size:12px;min-height:23px;max-width:none;text-decoration:none;font-family:inherit}.avia-menu-fx{position:absolute;bottom:-1px;height:2px;z-index:10;width:100%;left:0;opacity:0;visibility:hidden}.avia-menu-fx .avia-arrow-wrap{height:10px;width:10px;position:absolute;top:-10px;left:50%;margin-left:-5px;overflow:hidden;display:none;visibility:hidden}.avia-menu-fx .avia-arrow-wrap .avia-arrow{top:10px}.html_main_nav_header.html_logo_left #top .main_menu .menu>li:last-child>a{padding-right:0}.main_menu .avia-bullet{display:none}.avia-bullet{display:block;position:absolute;height:0;width:0;top:51%;margin-top:-3px;left:-3px;border-top:3px solid transparent!important;border-bottom:3px solid transparent!important;border-left:3px solid green}#top #menu-item-search{z-index:100}#top .menu-item-search-dropdown>a,.iconfont{font-size:17px}#top #menu-item-search.menu-item-search-dropdown>a{border-left:none}.avia-arrow{height:10px;width:10px;position:absolute;top:-6px;left:50%;margin-left:-5px;transform:rotate(45deg);border-width:1px;border-style:solid;visibility:hidden}.content,.sidebar{padding-top:50px;padding-bottom:50px;box-sizing:content-box;min-height:1px;z-index:1}#top #main .sidebar{border-left-style:solid;border-left-width:1px;margin-left:0;float:none;width:auto;overflow:hidden;display:block;clear:none}.inner_sidebar{margin-left:50px}.content{border-right-style:solid;border-right-width:1px;margin-right:-1px}.content .entry-content-wrapper{padding-right:50px}.container .minor-meta{font-size:.9em}.post{clear:both;width:100%;float:left;position:relative}.small-preview .iconfont{font-size:23px;position:absolute;left:0;right:0;top:0;bottom:0;z-index:1}.entry-content-wrapper .post-title{font-size:21px;line-height:1.3em}#top .avia-post-nav{position:fixed;height:110px;top:50%;background:#aaa;background:rgba(0,0,0,.1);color:#fff;margin-top:-55px;padding:15px;text-decoration:none;z-index:501;transform:translate3d(0,0,0)}.avia-post-nav .label{position:absolute;top:50%;height:22px;line-height:22px;margin-top:-11px;font-size:24px}.avia-post-nav .entry-image{height:80px;width:80px;display:block}.avia-post-nav .entry-image img{border-radius:100px;display:block}.avia-post-prev{left:0;border-top-right-radius:4px;border-bottom-right-radius:4px}.avia-post-prev .label{left:10px}.avia-post-next{right:0;border-top-left-radius:4px;border-bottom-left-radius:4px}.avia-post-next .label{right:10px}.avia-post-next.with-image{text-align:right}.avia-post-nav .entry-info{display:block;height:80px;width:220px;display:table}.avia-post-next .entry-info{margin:0 20px 0 1px}.avia-post-prev .entry-info{margin:0 1px 0 20px}.avia-post-nav .entry-info span{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;font-size:13px;line-height:1.65em}.avia-post-nav .entry-info-wrap{width:1px;overflow:hidden;display:block}.widgettitle{font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:1px;font-size:1.1em}.widget{clear:both;position:relative;padding:30px 0;float:none}#scroll-top-link{position:fixed;border-radius:2px;height:50px;width:50px;line-height:50px;text-decoration:none;text-align:center;opacity:0;right:50px;bottom:50px;z-index:1030;visibility:hidden}#socket .avia-bullet,#socket .avia-menu-fx{display:none}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px){#top .header_color .header_bg,#top .main_color{background-attachment:scroll}}@media only screen and (max-width:989px){.responsive #top .avia-post-prev{left:0}.responsive #top .avia-post-next{right:0}}@media only screen and (min-width:768px) and (max-width:989px){.responsive .main_menu ul:first-child>li>a{padding:0 10px}.responsive #top .header_bg{opacity:1}.responsive #main .container_wrap:first-child{border-top:none}.responsive .logo{float:left}.responsive .logo img{margin:0}}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.responsive .template-blog .blog-meta,.responsive .post_author_timeline,.responsive #top #main .sidebar{display:none}.responsive .content .entry-content-wrapper{padding:0}.responsive .content{border:none}.responsive #top .avia-post-nav{display:none}.responsive #top #wrap_all #header{position:relative;width:100%;float:none;height:auto;margin:0!important;opacity:1;min-height:0}.responsive #top #main{padding-top:0!important;margin:0}.responsive #top #main .container_wrap:first-child{border-top:none}.responsive #top .logo{position:static;display:table;height:80px!important;float:none;padding:0;border:none;width:80%}.responsive .logo a{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.responsive .logo img{height:auto!important;width:auto;max-width:100%;display:block;max-height:80px}.responsive #header_main .container{height:auto!important}.responsive #top .header_bg{opacity:1}.responsive .logo img{margin:0}.responsive .av-burger-menu-main{display:block}.responsive #top #wrap_all .main_menu{top:0;height:80px;left:auto;right:0;display:block;position:absolute}.responsive .main_menu ul:first-child>li a{height:80px;line-height:80px}.responsive #top .av-main-nav .menu-item{display:none}.responsive #top .av-main-nav .menu-item-avia-special{display:block}.responsive #top #wrap_all .menu-item-search-dropdown>a{font-size:24px}.responsive #top .av-logo-container .avia-menu{height:100%}.responsive #top #header_main>.container .main_menu .av-main-nav>li>a,.responsive #top #wrap_all .av-logo-container{height:80px;line-height:80px}.responsive #top #wrap_all .av-logo-container{padding:0}.responsive #top #header_main>.container .main_menu .av-main-nav>li>a{min-width:0;padding:0 0 0 20px;margin:0;border-style:none;border-width:0}.responsive #top #header .av-main-nav>li>a{background:0 0;color:inherit}.responsive #scroll-top-link{display:none}}.template-blog .blog-meta{float:left;margin-right:50px}.single-small .post_author_timeline{position:absolute;top:0;left:40px;width:1px;height:100%;border-right-width:1px;border-right-style:dashed}.single-post .post_author_timeline{display:none}.small-preview{width:81px;height:81px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:4px;float:left;margin:6px 0 0;position:relative;text-align:center;line-height:81px;position:relative;z-index:4;display:block}.small-preview img{display:block;border-radius:4px;position:relative;z-index:4;width:100%}.single-post .single-small.with-slider .small-preview{width:180px;height:180px}.single-post .single-small.with-slider .post_author_timeline{display:none}.html_elegant-blog #top .post-entry .post-title{text-align:center;font-size:30px;text-transform:uppercase;padding:0 0 15px;letter-spacing:2px;line-height:1.3em;margin-bottom:10px}.html_elegant-blog #top .post-entry .blog-categories{text-align:center;display:block;font-weight:700;position:relative}.html_elegant-blog #top .post-entry .minor-meta{text-transform:uppercase}.html_elegant-blog .av-vertical-delimiter{display:block;margin:0 auto;width:40px;border-top-width:3px;border-top-style:solid;padding-bottom:16px}.html_elegant-blog .single-small .post_author_timeline{border-right-style:solid}#reply-title{font-weight:600;letter-spacing:1px}#reply-title small,#commentform label{font-size:.85em;display:block;letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none;padding-top:8px;line-height:1.5em;font-weight:400}.comment_meta_container{clear:both;float:none}#cancel-comment-reply-link{display:inline-block;font-size:10px}#commentform p{position:relative;padding:0 0 10px;margin:0}#reply-title small a{float:right}#commentform label{position:absolute;left:245px;font-size:11px;top:0;font-weight:700}.comment-notes,#commentform .comment-form-comment label{display:none}#reply-title{display:none}#reply-title small{display:inline}.template-blog .post .entry-content-wrapper{overflow:hidden}ol,ul{box-sizing:border-box}.entry-content{counter-reset:footnotes}:root{--wp--preset--font-size--normal:16px;--wp--preset--font-size--huge:42px}:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square:1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3:4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4:3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2:3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3:2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9:16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16:9/16;--wp--preset--color--black:#000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray:#abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white:#fff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink:#f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red:#cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange:#ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber:#fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan:#7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan:#00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue:#8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue:#0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple:#9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--metallic-red:#b02b2c;--wp--preset--color--maximum-yellow-red:#edae44;--wp--preset--color--yellow-sun:#ee2;--wp--preset--color--palm-leaf:#83a846;--wp--preset--color--aero:#7bb0e7;--wp--preset--color--old-lavender:#745f7e;--wp--preset--color--steel-teal:#5f8789;--wp--preset--color--raspberry-pink:#d65799;--wp--preset--color--medium-turquoise:#4ecac2;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,#9b51e0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan:linear-gradient(135deg,#7adcb4 0%,#00d082 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red:linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,#cf2e2e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray:linear-gradient(135deg,#eee 0%,#a9b8c3 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum:linear-gradient(135deg,#4aeadc 0%,#9778d1 20%,#cf2aba 40%,#ee2c82 60%,#fb6962 80%,#fef84c 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffceec 0%,#9896f0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux:linear-gradient(135deg,#fecda5 0%,#fe2d2d 50%,#6b003e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk:linear-gradient(135deg,#ffcb70 0%,#c751c0 50%,#4158d0 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean:linear-gradient(135deg,#fff5cb 0%,#b6e3d4 50%,#33a7b5 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass:linear-gradient(135deg,#caf880 0%,#71ce7e 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight:linear-gradient(135deg,#020381 0%,#2874fc 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small:1rem;--wp--preset--font-size--medium:1.125rem;--wp--preset--font-size--large:1.75rem;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large:clamp(1.75rem,3vw,2.25rem);--wp--preset--spacing--20:.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30:.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40:1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50:1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60:2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70:3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80:5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural:6px 6px 9px rgba(0,0,0,.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep:12px 12px 50px rgba(0,0,0,.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined:6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255,255,255,1),6px 6px rgba(0,0,0,1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp:6px 6px 0px rgba(0,0,0,1)}:root{--wp--style--global--content-size:800px;--wp--style--global--wide-size:1130px}body{padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0}.gg-math-minus{position:relative;transform:scale(var(--ggs,1));width:16px;height:2px}.gg-math-minus,.gg-math-plus,.gg-math-plus:after{box-sizing:border-box;display:block;background:currentColor;border-radius:10px}.gg-math-plus{margin-top:-2px;position:relative;transform:scale(var(--ggs,1));width:16px;height:2px}.gg-math-plus:after{content:"";position:absolute;width:2px;height:16px;top:-7px;left:7px}:root{--jtoc-z-index:999;--jtoc-border-width:3px}.wpj-jtoc{margin-top:var(--jtoc-toc-root-margin-top,2rem);margin-bottom:var(--jtoc-toc-root-margin-bottom,2rem)}.wpj-jtoc::-webkit-scrollbar{width:4px;background-color:#0000000f}.wpj-jtoc::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background:#00000029}div:not(.wpj-jtoc--widget-floating)>.wpj-jtoc--toc{width:var(--jtoc-width,auto)}.wpj-jtoc--toc{margin:var(--jtoc-toc-margin,0);padding:var(--jtoc-toc-padding,0);overflow:hidden;display:var(--jtoc-display,inline-block);min-width:var(--jtoc-min-width);max-width:var(--jtoc-max-width,100%);z-index:var(--jtoc-z-index);background-color:var(--jtoc-background-color,transparent);font-size:var(--jtoc-font-size);border-radius:var(--jtoc-toc-border-radius);border:var(--jtoc-toc-border);border-color:var(--jtoc-toc-border-color);box-shadow:var(--jtoc-toc-box-shadow);box-sizing:border-box}.wpj-jtoc--header{height:var(--jtoc-header-height,initial);margin:var(--jtoc-header-margin);padding:var(--jtoc-header-padding);background-color:var(--jtoc-header-background-color,inherit);border-radius:var(--jtoc-header-border-radius);border:var(--jtoc-header-border);color:var(--jtoc-header-color,inherit)}.wpj-jtoc--header-main{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;height:100%}.wpj-jtoc--header-main .wpj-jtoc--title{display:inline-block;flex:1}span.wpj-jtoc--title-label{color:var(--jtoc-title-color,inherit);font-size:var(--jtoc-title-font-size,inherit);font-weight:var(--jtoc-title-label-font-weight,inherit);font-style:var(--jtoc-title-label-font-style)}.wpj-jtoc--toggle-wrap{left:0;top:0;bottom:0;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;height:100%}.wpj-jtoc--toggle-icon{margin:0 16px;color:var(--jtoc-toggle-color,gray)}.wpj-jtoc--body{margin:var(--jtoc-body-margin,0);padding:var(--jtoc-body-padding,0);max-width:var(--jtoc-max-width,100%);background-color:var(--jtoc-body-background-color,inherit)}.wpj-jtoc--body::-webkit-scrollbar{width:4px;background-color:#0000000f}.wpj-jtoc--body::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background:#00000029}.wpj-jtoc--body .wpj-jtoc--nav{display:block;position:relative;max-width:var(--jtoc-max-width,100%)}.wpj-jtoc--nav>.wpj-jtoc--items li{margin:0;padding:0;line-height:normal;background-color:var(--jtoc-headings-group-background-color,inherit)}.wpj-jtoc--toc ol.wpj-jtoc--items{list-style-type:none;margin:0;padding:0}.wpj-jtoc--toc ol.wpj-jtoc--items .wpj-jtoc--items{margin-left:var(--jtoc-hierarchy-offset,16px)}.wpj-jtoc--item .wpj-jtoc--item-content{display:flex;min-width:0;margin:var(--jtoc-headings-margin,0);padding:var(--jtoc-headings-padding,0);line-height:var(--jtoc-headings-line-height);font-size:var(--jtoc-headings-font-size);border-radius:var(--jtoc-headings-border-radius);color:var(--jtoc-headings-color);background-color:var(--jtoc-headings-background-color)}.wpj-jtoc--item .wpj-jtoc--item-content>a{margin:var(--jtoc-link-margin,0);padding:var(--jtoc-link-padding,0);text-overflow:inherit;outline:none!important;font-size:var(--jtoc-link-font-size);font-weight:var(--jtoc-link-font-weight);color:var(--jtoc-link-color,var(--jtoc-headings-color));background-color:var(--jtoc-link-background-color)}.wpj-jtoc--item .wpj-jtoc--item-content>a:before{color:var(--jtoc-numeration-color,var(--jtoc-link-color))}.wpj-jtoc--item .wpj-jtoc--item-content>a:visited{color:var(--jtoc-link-color,var(--jtoc-headings-color));background-color:var(--jtoc-link-background-color)}@media screen{.sidebar .widget:first-child{padding-top:0;border-top-style:none;border-top-width:0}.av_facebook_widget_wrap{overflow:hidden;position:relative;padding:0;background:#fff}}:root{--enfold-socket-color-bg:#11abd6;--enfold-socket-color-bg2:#109bc5;--enfold-socket-color-primary:#fff;--enfold-socket-color-secondary:#bde5f0;--enfold-socket-color-color:#fff;--enfold-socket-color-meta:#bde5f0;--enfold-socket-color-heading:#fff;--enfold-socket-color-border:#11abd6;--enfold-socket-color-constant-font:#11abd6;--enfold-socket-color-button-border:#ddd;--enfold-socket-color-button-border2:#9bc3d0;--enfold-socket-color-iconlist:#009ac5;--enfold-socket-color-timeline:#009ac5;--enfold-socket-color-timeline-date:#006792;--enfold-socket-color-masonry:#008ab4;--enfold-socket-color-stripe:#fff;--enfold-socket-color-stripe2:#fff;--enfold-socket-color-stripe2nd:#cef6f1;--enfold-socket-color-button-font:#11abd6;--enfold-footer-color-bg:#109bc5;--enfold-footer-color-bg2:#36a8c7;--enfold-footer-color-primary:#fff;--enfold-footer-color-secondary:#bde5f0;--enfold-footer-color-color:#fff;--enfold-footer-color-meta:#bde5f0;--enfold-footer-color-heading:#fff;--enfold-footer-color-border:#0f81a1;--enfold-footer-color-constant-font:#109bc5;--enfold-footer-color-button-border:#ddd;--enfold-footer-color-button-border2:#9bc3d0;--enfold-footer-color-iconlist:#0e7090;--enfold-footer-color-timeline:#0e7090;--enfold-footer-color-timeline-date:#0b4060;--enfold-footer-color-masonry:#2597b6;--enfold-footer-color-stripe:#fff;--enfold-footer-color-stripe2:#fff;--enfold-footer-color-stripe2nd:#cef6f1;--enfold-footer-color-button-font:#109bc5;--enfold-alternate-color-bg:#109bc5;--enfold-alternate-color-bg2:#0f81a1;--enfold-alternate-color-primary:#fff;--enfold-alternate-color-secondary:#bde5f0;--enfold-alternate-color-color:#fff;--enfold-alternate-color-meta:#bde5f0;--enfold-alternate-color-heading:#fff;--enfold-alternate-color-border:#83c7dc;--enfold-alternate-color-constant-font:#109bc5;--enfold-alternate-color-button-border:#ddd;--enfold-alternate-color-button-border2:#9bc3d0;--enfold-alternate-color-iconlist:#72b6cb;--enfold-alternate-color-timeline:#72b6cb;--enfold-alternate-color-timeline-date:#408398;--enfold-alternate-color-masonry:#0e7090;--enfold-alternate-color-stripe:#fff;--enfold-alternate-color-stripe2:#fff;--enfold-alternate-color-stripe2nd:#cef6f1;--enfold-alternate-color-button-font:#109bc5;--enfold-main-color-bg:#fff;--enfold-main-color-bg2:#f8f8f8;--enfold-main-color-primary:#109bc5;--enfold-main-color-secondary:#88bbc8;--enfold-main-color-color:#666;--enfold-main-color-meta:#919191;--enfold-main-color-heading:#222;--enfold-main-color-border:#e1e1e1;--enfold-main-color-constant-font:#fff;--enfold-main-color-button-border:#0079a3;--enfold-main-color-button-border2:#6699a6;--enfold-main-color-iconlist:#d0d0d0;--enfold-main-color-timeline:#d0d0d0;--enfold-main-color-timeline-date:#a0a0a0;--enfold-main-color-masonry:#e7e7e7;--enfold-main-color-stripe:#32bde7;--enfold-main-color-stripe2:#21acd6;--enfold-main-color-stripe2nd:#99ccd9;--enfold-main-color-button-font:#fff;--enfold-header-color-bg:#fff;--enfold-header-color-bg2:#f8f8f8;--enfold-header-color-primary:#109bc5;--enfold-header-color-secondary:#88bbc8;--enfold-header-color-color:#333;--enfold-header-color-meta:gray;--enfold-header-color-heading:#000;--enfold-header-color-border:#e1e1e1;--enfold-header-color-constant-font:#fff;--enfold-header-color-button-border:#0079a3;--enfold-header-color-button-border2:#6699a6;--enfold-header-color-iconlist:#d0d0d0;--enfold-header-color-timeline:#d0d0d0;--enfold-header-color-timeline-date:#a0a0a0;--enfold-header-color-masonry:#e7e7e7;--enfold-header-color-stripe:#32bde7;--enfold-header-color-stripe2:#21acd6;--enfold-header-color-stripe2nd:#99ccd9;--enfold-header-color-button-font:#fff;--enfold-header_burger_color:inherit;--enfold-header_replacement_menu_color:#fff;--enfold-header_replacement_menu_hover_color:inherit;--enfold-font-family-theme-body:"HelveticaNeue","Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;--enfold-font-size-theme-content:13px;--enfold-font-size-theme-h1:34px;--enfold-font-size-theme-h2:28px;--enfold-font-size-theme-h3:20px;--enfold-font-size-theme-h4:18px;--enfold-font-size-theme-h5:16px;--enfold-font-size-theme-h6:14px;--enfold-font-size-content-font:16px}body{font-size:16px}.socket_color span{border-color:var(--enfold-socket-color-border)}.socket_color .avia-menu-fx,.socket_color .avia-menu-fx .avia-arrow{background-color:var(--enfold-socket-color-primary);color:var(--enfold-socket-color-constant-font);border-color:var(--enfold-socket-color-button-border)}.socket_color .avia-bullet{border-color:var(--enfold-socket-color-primary)}html,#scroll-top-link{background-color:var(--enfold-socket-color-bg)}#scroll-top-link{color:var(--enfold-socket-color-color);border:1px solid var(--enfold-socket-color-border)}.main_color,.main_color div,.main_color header,.main_color main,.main_color aside,.main_color article,.main_color nav,.main_color section,.main_color span,.main_color h1,.main_color h3,.main_color p,.main_color a,.main_color img,.main_color small,.main_color strong,.main_color b,.main_color i,.main_color ol,.main_color li,.main_color label,.main_color article,.main_color aside,.main_color header,.main_color nav,.main_color section{border-color:var(--enfold-main-color-border)}.main_color .small-preview{background:var(--enfold-main-color-meta);color:var(--enfold-main-color-bg)}.main_color,.main_color .post-format-icon{background-color:var(--enfold-main-color-bg);color:var(--enfold-main-color-color)}.main_color h1,.main_color h3{color:var(--enfold-main-color-heading)}.main_color .sidebar,.main_color .sidebar a,.main_color .minor-meta,.main_color .minor-meta a{color:var(--enfold-main-color-meta)}.main_color a,.main_color strong,.main_color b,.main_color b a,.main_color #commentform .required,.html_elegant-blog #top .main_color .blog-categories a{color:var(--enfold-main-color-primary)}.main_color .required{color:var(--enfold-main-color-primary)}#main{border-color:var(--enfold-main-color-border)}.html_stretched #wrap_all{background-color:var(--enfold-main-color-bg)}.header_color,.header_color div,.header_color nav,.header_color span,.header_color a,.header_color img,.header_color strong,.header_color ul,.header_color li,.header_color nav{border-color:var(--enfold-header-color-border)}.header_color{background-color:var(--enfold-header-color-bg);color:var(--enfold-header-color-color)}.header_color a,.header_color strong{color:var(--enfold-header-color-primary)}.header_color .avia-menu-fx,.header_color .avia-menu-fx .avia-arrow{background-color:var(--enfold-header-color-primary);color:var(--enfold-header-color-constant-font);border-color:var(--enfold-header-color-button-border)}.header_color .avia-bullet{border-color:var(--enfold-header-color-primary)}.html_header_top .header_color .main_menu ul:first-child>li>ul{border-top-color:var(--enfold-header-color-primary)}.header_color .header_bg,.header_color .main_menu ul ul,.header_color .main_menu .menu ul li a{background-color:var(--enfold-header-color-bg);color:var(--enfold-header-color-meta)}.header_color .main_menu ul:first-child>li>a{color:var(--enfold-header-color-meta)}#main{background-color:var(--enfold-header-color-bg)}.header_color .av-hamburger-inner,.header_color .av-hamburger-inner:before,.header_color .av-hamburger-inner:after{background-color:var(--enfold-header-color-meta)}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.header_color div .av-hamburger-inner,.header_color div .av-hamburger-inner:before,.header_color div .av-hamburger-inner:after{background-color:var(--enfold-header-color-meta)}}body.georgia{font-family:'georgia',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif}:root{--enfold-font-family-body:'georgia',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif}.container{width:100%}.container .av-content-small.units{width:73%}.responsive .container{max-width:1310px}html #top .all_colors .widgettitle{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;padding:10px 0;border-left:none;border-right:none;margin-bottom:15px}#top #wrap_all .all_colors h3{font-size:25px;font-family:'caveat',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif}#top #header .av-main-nav>li>a{color:#109bc5;background-color:#fff;font-size:14px}#top #header .av-main-nav>li>a .avia-menu-text{color:#109bc5}#top #wrap_all .all_colors h1,#top #wrap_all .all_colors h3{font-family:'caveat',Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:lighter;text-transform:none}div.heateor_sss_sharing_ul a:link{text-decoration:none;background:transparent!important}.heateor_sss_vertical_sharing{-webkit-box-sizing:content-box!important;-moz-box-sizing:content-box!important}div.heateor_sss_sharing_ul{padding-left:0!important;margin:1px 0!important}div.heateor_sss_sharing_ul a:before{content:none!important}.heateor_sss_vertical_sharing{background:0 0;-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 4px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.1);box-shadow:0 1px 4px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.1);position:fixed;overflow:visible;z-index:10000000;display:block;padding:10px;border-radius:4px;opacity:1;box-sizing:content-box!important}.heateor_sss_sharing_container a{padding:0!important;box-shadow:none!important;border:none!important}.heateorSssClear{clear:both}div.heateor_sss_bottom_sharing{margin-bottom:0}div.heateor_sss_sharing_container a:before{content:none}@media screen and (max-width:783px)#heateor_sss_sharing_more_providers .filter input.search{border:1px solid #ccc;width:92.8%}div.heateor_sss_sharing_container svg{width:100%;height:100%}.heateor_sss_vertical_sharing span.heateor_sss_svg{color:#fff;border-width:0;border-style:solid;border-color:transparent}@media screen and (max-width:783px){.heateor_sss_vertical_sharing{display:none!important}}@media screen and (max-width:783px){div.heateor_sss_bottom_sharing{width:100%!important;left:0!important}div.heateor_sss_bottom_sharing a{width:50%!important}div.heateor_sss_bottom_sharing .heateor_sss_svg{width:100%!important}.heateor_sss_bottom_sharing{padding:0!important;display:block!important;width:auto!important;bottom:-2px!important;top:auto!important}}:-webkit-full-screen-ancestor{-webkit-animation:none!important;animation:none!important;-webkit-animation-fill-mode:none!important;animation-fill-mode:none!important}:root{--tcb-background-author-image:url(https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e01e4778dda649646e7a923bf18d3179?s=256&d=mm&r=g);--tcb-background-user-image:url();--tcb-background-featured-image-thumbnail:url(https://les6doigtsdelamain.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/expliquer-aux-enfants.jpg)}html body [data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello']:before{font-family:'entypo-fontello'}
Comment apprendre à se relever ?? - Les 6 doigts de la main
« Pourquoi on tombe ? Pour apprendre à se relever ! »
En voilà une phrase inspirante !
Seulement voilà, je commence à me demander si nous sommes en danger de ne plus apprendre… Parce qu’on ne laisse plus les enfants tomber…
Il y a une dizaine de jours, j’ai voulu organiser un dimanche matin sympa pour les enfants, parce que leur papa était en déplacement. J’ai donc pris mes 4 petits (et grands) sous le bras (enfin… puis-je encore dire ça, même de façon imagée, quand le grand est plus en position de me prendre sous le bras que le contraire ? Bref), et les ai amenés au nouveau parc super chouette qui s’est ouvert il y a quelques mois pas très loin de chez nous !
J’y étais déjà allée avec les petits, mais on était resté avec quelques amis dans une certaine zone du parc. Cette fois, je pensais que tous allaient y trouvaient leur compte.
Dès le départ, c’est surprenant : il y a du personnel pour surveiller la façon dont ça se déroule à chaque installation… L’installation phare, c’est la grosse « toile d’araignée », à laquelle les enfants grimpent. Je me souviens avoir amené Oscar à une installation similaire il y a des années à Paris (peut-être au jardin d’acclimatation ?). Enfin, les enfants sont bien sûr attirés par les cordages !
Autour de cette toile, il n’y a pas moins de 3 personnes qui surveillent ! (qui ne surveillent pour l’instant personne, parce que comme nous sommes venus à l’ouverture, le parc est encore vide, elles sont donc très disponibles pour se focaliser sur mes enfants.)
Léon s’attaque aux cordages du bas.
Le personnel l’arrête : interdit ! Il faut avoir 8 ans pour grimper !
8 ans ??? Mais il y a des cordes super basses ?? C’est parfait justement pour que les plus jeunes essayent !! (Surtout que le sol est de ces nouveaux sols un peu mous qu’ils mettent dans les parcs, alors ils ne risquent pas de se faire bien mal en tombant de bas…)
Alice commence à grimper de son côté.
Le personnel l’arrête : interdit ! Il faut avoir des chaussures fermées !
Oscar grimpe. Ouf… A 14 ans, avec des tennis, il a le droit.
Oui, mais quand il arrive en haut…
Le personnel l’arrête : interdit ! Il ne faut pas dépasser la dernière plate-forme !
Je deviens tendue… Rien ne bloque physiquement l’accès après la dernière « plate-forme »… Il n’y a même pas un panneau qui indiquerait cette limite… Le personnel du parc va donc passer la journée à regarder les enfants qui grimpent et leur crier de ne pas atteindre le haut ??
Bon… après une petite conversation avec la surveillante, je préfère changer d’endroit.
Nous arrivons sur des balançoires en forme de soucoupes.
Oui mais… Léon se met debout dessus (en se tenant aux cordes), pour tester le mouvement.
Le personnel l’arrête : interdit ! On doit rester assis !
Je n’en peux plus… S’ensuit toute une conversation sur les risques pris par les enfants, la surprotection, comment font-ils avec les tout petits qui apprennent à marcher ? Leur disent-ils de rester assis pour être sûr qu’ils ne tombent pas ???
Une chose est sûre : je ne reviendrai pas dans ce parc !
29 novembre 2016 /
https://i0.wp.com/les6doigtsdelamain.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/IMG_2023-e1480453616802.jpg?fit=320%2C320&ssl=1
320
320
Coralie
https://les6doigtsdelamain.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/logo-horizontal-small-300x218.png
Coralie 2016-11-29 22:07:10 2021-10-21 09:23:42 Comment apprendre à se relever ??
Pourquoi je fais ça… Arrête d’embêter ton frère : compétence 2 – Les limites Faire défiler vers le haut
Laisser un commentaire
Rejoindre la discussion?N’hésitez pas à contribuer !